This monograph focuses on the history of physical education and sport in the YMCA organization in Czechoslovakia and Poland. It primarily examines the period from the end of World War I to the beginning of World War II. The scholar strives to illustrate similar developments in both of the national movements using four Czechoslovak and four Polish organizations. The monograph also captures the origin of the YMCA and its expansion around the world, and briefly describes activities of both of the national organizations after World War II.